Several Kinds of Stainless Steels
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- Category: Molybdenum knowledge
- Published on 28 March 2013
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The division based on microstructure is useful because the members within one family tend to have similar physical and mechanical properties. However, the properties for one family can be very different from the properties for another family. For example, austenitic stainless steels are non-magnetic, while ferritic and duplex stainless steels are magnetic.
The difference between the families is fundamental on an atomic level. The arrangement of atoms in the ferrite crystal is different from the one in the austenite crystal:In the ferritic stainless steel, the iron and chromium atoms are arranged on the corners of a cube and in the center of that cube.
In the austenitic stainless steels the atoms, here iron, chromium and nickel, are arranged on the corners of the cube and in the center of each of the faces of the cube. Because of their good mechanical properties and the ease of fabrication,
Austenitic stainless steels are much more widely used than ferritic stainless steels. About 75% of all stainless steel used worldwide is austenitic and about 25% is ferritic. The other families, martensitic, duplex and precipitation hardenable stainless steels each represent less than 1% of the total market..
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