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Nanoscale Photodetector Detects Optical Plasmons Using Molybdenum Disulfide

Photonic circuits, which use light to transmit signals, are markedly faster than electronic circuits. Unfortunately, they're also bigger.

It's difficult to localize visible light below its diffraction limit, about 200-300 nanometers, and as components in electronic semiconductors have shrunk to the nanometer scale, the photonic circuit size limitation has given electronic circuits a significant advantage, despite the speed discrepancy.

Now researchers at the University of Rochester have demonstrated a key achievement in shrinking photonic devices below the diffraction limit—a necessary step on the road to making photonic circuits competitive with today's technology. The scientists developed a nanoscale photodetector that uses the common material molybdenum disulfide to detect optical plasmons—travelling oscillations of electrons below the diffraction limit—and successfully demonstrated that light can drive a current using a silver nanowire.

"Our devices are a step towards miniaturization below the diffraction limit," said Kenneth Goodfellow, a graduate student in the laboratory of the Quantum Optoelectronics and Optical Metrology Group, The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, New York. "It is a step towards using light to drive, or, at least complement electronic circuitry for faster information transfer."

The team will present their work at the Frontiers in Optics, The Optical Society’s annual meeting and conference in San Jose, California, USA, on 22 October 2015.

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