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Alloys are stronger than pure metals because alloy atoms that go into solid solution ordinarily impose lattice strains on the surrounding host atoms. Lattice strain field interactions between dislocations and these alloying atoms result, and, consequently, dislocation movement is restricted. For example an alloying atom that is smaller than a host atom for which it substitutes exerts tensile strains on the surrounding crystal lattice. Conversely a larger substitutional atom imposes compressive strains in its vicinity. These solute atoms tend to segregate around dislocations in a way so as to reduce the overall strain energy, that is, to cancel some of the strain in the lattice surrounding a dislocation. The resistance to slip is greater when alloying atoms are present because the overall lattice strain must increase if a dislocation is torn away from them. 

 

 

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