Thermite Smelting of Ferromolybdenum
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- Category: Molybdenum knowledge
- Published on 19 October 2015
- Written by xinyi
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A process for producing ferromolybdenum alloys by thermite smelting of a particulated reaction mixture composed of a molybdenum oxide concentrate, an iron bearing material, a reductant and a slag fluxing agent present in controlled proportions. The reaction mixture is progressively charged into a refractory crucible and is exothermically reacted to produce a molten mass of ferromolybdenum alloy having a molten layer of slag floating on the upper surface thereof. The charging of the reaction mixture is interrupted for prescribed time intervals to permit the mass of ferromolybdenum alloy to solidify, and optionally, to permit a withdrawal of the major portion of the molten slag layer from the upper stratum thereof, whereby a multi-layered ingot is produced comprising layers of metallic ferromolybdenum separated by intervening residual slag layers.
Thermite is a pyrotechnic composition of metal powder fuel and metal oxide. When ignited by heat, thermite undergoes an exothermic reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction. Most varieties are not explosive but can create brief bursts of high temperature in a small area. Its form of action is similar to that of other fuel-oxidizer mixtures, such as black powder.
Thermites have diverse compositions. Fuels include aluminium, magnesium, titanium, zinc, silicon, and boron. Aluminium is common because of its high boiling point and low cost. Oxidizers include bismuth(III) oxide, boron(III) oxide, silicon(IV) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, manganese(IV) oxide, iron(III) oxide, iron(II,III) oxide, copper(II) oxide, and lead(II,IV) oxide.
The reaction is used for thermite welding, often used to join rail tracks. Thermites have also been used in metal refining, demolition of munitions, and in incendiary weapons. Some thermite-like mixtures are used as pyrotechnic initiators in fireworks.
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